É seguro incorporar os substratos hortícolas, após cultivo, em solos agrícolas? - Bibliografia
Texto por: Joana Serrão1 , Sirine Bouguerra1 Verónica Nogueira2, Liliana Gonçalves1 Juan C. Sanchez-Hernandez3 Susana M.P. Carvalho4, Ruth Pereira1
1 GreenUPorto – Centro de Investigação em Produção Agroalimentar Sustentável / Inov4Agro & Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto
2 Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto
3 Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Ambientais e Bioquímica, Universidade de Castela-La Mancha
4 GreenUPorto – Centro de Investigação em Produção Agroalimentar Sustentável / Inov4Agro & DGAOT, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto
A incorporação de substratos orgânicos usados em solos agrícolas é uma prática frequente, com vantagens ao nível da reciclagem destes resíduos e aumento da matéria orgânica do solo. No entanto, estes substratos têm o potencial de acumular resíduos de produtos fitofarmacêuticos durante o seu período de vida útil. Este trabalho avaliou os efeitos ecotoxicológicos da incorporação de 2,5, 5,0 e 10% de substrato orgânico proveniente do cultivo de tomate num solo agrícola. Para isso, foram realizados ensaios padronizados utilizando organismos terrestres e aquáticos e, ainda, determinados os efeitos na atividade enzimática e processos do solo. De um modo geral, a utilização do substrato em estudo como corretivo do solo foi benéfica. Porém, as práticas agronómicas durante o tempo de vida útil do substrato, o tipo de solo onde este será incorporado e a percentagem de incorporação, são fatores que podem alterar o nível de risco desta prática.
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