A cultura do kiwi e a comunidade de polinizadores I: o impacto das práticas agrícolas dentro do pomar - bibliografia
Por: Hugo Gaspar, João Loureiro, Helena Castro, Catarina Siopa, Mariana Castro, Vinicius Casais, Sílvia Castro
Universidade de Coimbra, Centro de Ecologia Funcional, Departamento de Ciências da Vida
Os insetos são um grupo funcionalmente diverso, com papéis economicamente relevantes nos principais serviços do ecossistema, tais como a polinização. A tendência atual de perda de biodiversidade e consequente degradação dos serviços dos ecossistemas prestados pelos insetos está a criar uma pressão adicional na agricultura moderna, principalmente nas culturas que dependem dos insetos para a polinização, como, por exemplo, o kiwi. Compreender como a diversidade dos polinizadores varia à escala do pomar é muito importante para reconhecer as tendências das populações polinizadoras. O presente trabalho quantificou o efeito de práticas de gestão do pomar nas comunidades de insetos polinizadores em kiwi. Vinte e dois pomares foram selecionados e caracterizados de acordo com as práticas no pomar e quantificadas as interações de polinizadores com a cultura, e a produtividade da cultura. Observámos que os pomares com práticas mais amigas dos polinizadores acolhem maior diversidade de polinizadores e maior abundância de certos grupos de polinizadores selvagens, podendo levar ao aumento da produtividade. Adicionalmente, identificaram-se práticas agrícolas que promovem os polinizadores selvagens e respetivos serviços de polinização como a promoção de vegetação espontâneas.
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